44 Objectives, Outline, and Introduction
Chapter 12: Delivering Your Speech
By Victor Capecce, M.F.A.
Millersville University, Millersville, PA
Learning Objectives
After reading this chapter, you should be able to:
- Identify, define and give an example of each of the four main types of delivery
- Determine the best speaking style for different types of speaking occasions
- Identify and utilize voice aspects of speaking
- Recognize and utilize the key “ingredients” of a well-performed speech
- Adapt to the physical aspects of a speaking venue
- Plan the speech in preparation for delivery/performance of a speech.
Chapter Outline
- Introduction
- Methods of Delivery
- Manuscript Style
- Memorized Style
- Impromptu Style
- Extemporaneous Style
- Vocal Aspects of Delivery
- Articulation
- Pronunciation
- Accent, Dialect, and Regionalisms
- Vocal Quality
- Pitch and Inflection
- Rate of Speaking
- Pauses Versus Vocalized Pauses
- Vocal Projection
- Nonverbal Aspects of Delivery
- Personal Appearance
- Movement and Gesture
- Facial Expressions
- Eye Contact
- Mastering the Location
- The Room
- The Podium
- The Equipment
- Using a Microphone
- Water Rules
- Preparation, Practice, and Delivery
- Preparing Notes
- Rehearsing the Speech
- Managing Stress
- Delivering the Speech
- Conclusion
- Review Questions and Activities
- Glossary
- References
Introduction
Imagine this. A speech topic is perfectly chosen; the content is nicely organized and flawlessly researched; a great deal of work was invested in preparing the “text” or “script” of the speech, but the speech is poorly delivered. Will the speech be effective? Will the audience stay alert and follow it? Will the audience properly interpret the speaker’s intended message? These last questions contribute to the universal fear of public speaking. It is not the preparation of a speech that strikes terror in the hearts of so many, but the performance of a speech!
Don’t lower your expectations to meet your performance. Raise your level of performance to meet your expectations. Expect the best of yourself, and then do what is necessary to make it a reality. – Ralph Marston
Since an audience does not usually read the text of a speech, but simply listens to it, all the preparation of the content by the speaker must be encoded into a complex combination of communication channels (words, sounds, visual elements, etc.) ready to be performed. The purpose of this chapter is to offer guidance to transfer the speech from the page to the stage.
There is an old Burlesque joke:
One man on a New York street comes up to another and asks,
“How can I get to Carnegie Hall?”
The second man answers, “PRACTICE.”
Practice is the key to excellent performance. Trite as it might sound (or obvious), the basic foundation for a good speech delivery involves the two “P’s”: Preparation and Practice. There is not an actor, athlete, or musician worth his/her salary who does not prepare and practice. Even when a performance is given with spontaneity, the “P’s” are crucial.
Stand-up comedy is everywhere; and those who are successful comedians do not make up their monologues on the spot. The phrasing, the pauses, the timing, is all rehearsed to assure the laughs will happen on cue. Good stand up comics are skilled in making it look as though they are making up their routine on the spot, which is part of the success of a good comedy performance. New speakers should think of themselves as performers facing an audience; actors ascending to stage; athletes stepping up to bat.
This chapter will describe the basic methods of delivery, and offer guidance in the aspects of presentation (such as voice, inflection, eye contact, and body and facial language). Some basic strategies for in setting up the room and podium for speaking will also be covered.
It is delivery that makes the orator’s success. – Johann Wolfgang Von Goethe
