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1. 1 Nutrition Basics
2. 1.1 The Basics
3. 1.11 Calories (Food Energy)
4. 1.12 Phytochemicals, Zoochemicals & Functional Foods
5. 1.13 The Scientific Method
6. 1.2 Epidemiology
7. 1.3 In Vitro & Animal Studies
8. 1.4 Human Intervention Studies/Clinical Trials
9. 1.5 Nutrition Research Statistics
10. 1.6 Publishing Research
11. 1.7 Interpreting Research
12. 2 Energy-Yielding Macronutrients
13. 2.1 Carbohydrates
14. 2.11 Simple Carbohydrates
15. 2.12 Sugar Alcohols (Polyols, Sugar Replacers)
16. 2.13 Alternative Sweeteners
17. 2.14 Oligosaccharides
18. 2.15 Polysaccharides
19. 2.151 Starch
20. 2.152 Glycogen
21. 2.153 Fiber
22. 2.2 Proteins
23. 2.21 Amino Acids
24. 2.22 Protein Synthesis
25. 2.23 Protein Structure
26. 2.24 Protein Functions
27. 2.25 Types of Amino Acids
28. 2.26 Amino Acid Structures
29. 2.27 Protein Quality
30. 2.28 Protein-Energy Malnutrition
31. 2.3 Lipids
32. 2.31 How Does Fat Differ From Lipids?
33. 2.32 Fatty Acids
34. 2.33 Fatty Acid Naming & Food Sources
35. 2.34 Essential Fatty Acids & Eicosanoids
36. 2.35 Triglycerides
37. 2.36 Phospholipids
38. 2.37 Sterols
39. 4 Macronutrient Uptake, Absorption & Transport
40. 4.1 Crypts of Lieberkuhn & Enterocyte Maturation
41. 4.2 Uptake Lineup & Cell Membranes
42. 4.3 Types of Cell Uptake/Transport
43. 4.31 Passive Uptake/Transport
44. 4.32 Active Uptake/Transport
45. 4.4 Carbohydrate Uptake, Absorption, Transport & Liver Uptake
46. 4.5 Glycemic Response, Insulin, & Glucagon
47. 4.51 Diabetes
48. 4.52 Glycemic Index
49. 4.53 Glycemic Load
50. 4.6 Protein Uptake, Absorption, Transport & Liver Uptake
51. 4.7 Lipid Uptake, Absorption & Transport
52. 4.71 Lipoproteins
53. 3 Macronutrient Digestion
54. 3.1 Digestion at a Glance
55. 3.2 Mouth to the Stomach
56. 3.3 Stomach
57. 3.4 Small Intestine
58. 3.41 Digestive Hormones, Accessory Organs & Secretions
59. 3.42 Carbohydrate Digestion in the Small Intestine
60. 3.43 Protein Digestion in the Small Intestine
61. 3.44 Lipid Digestion in the Small Intestine
62. 3.5 Macronutrient Digestion Review
63. 3.6 The Large Intestine
64. 3.61 Probiotics & Prebiotics
65. 5.5 Celiac Disease & Gluten
66. 5.6 Diverticulosis and Diverticulit
67. 5 Common Digestive Problems
68. 5.4 Inflammatory Bowel Disease
69. 5.1 Peptic Ulcers
70. 5.3 Irritable Bowel Syndrome
71. 5.2 Gallstones
72. 5.7 Hemorrhoids
73. 6 Macronutrient & Alcohol Metabolism
74. 6.1 Metabolism Basics
75. 6.11 Cofactors
76. 6.2 Carbohydrate Metabolism Pathways
77. 6.21 Monosaccharide Metabolism
78. 6.22 Glycogenesis & Glycogenolysis
79. 6.23 Glycolysis
80. 6.24 Transition Reaction
81. 6.25 The Citric Acid Cycle
82. 6.26 Electron Transport Chain
83. 6.27 Aerobic Glucose Metabolism Totals
84. 6.28 Anaerobic Respiration
85. 6.3 Lipid Metabolism Pathways
86. 6.31 Lipolysis (Triglyceride Breakdown)
87. 6.32 Fatty Acid Oxidation (Beta-oxidation)
88. 6.33 De novo Lipogenesis (Fatty Acid Synthesis)
89. 6.34 Ketone Body Synthesis
90. 6.35 Cholesterol Synthesis
91. 6.4 Protein Metabolism
92. 6.41 Transamination, Deamination & Ammonia Removal as Urea
93. 6.42 Gluconeogenesis
94. 6.43 Protein Turnover/Degradation
95. 6.5 Alcohol Metabolism
96. 7 Integration of Macronutrient & Alcohol Metabolism
97. 7.1 Integration of Macronutrient and Alcohol Metabolic Pathways
98. 7.2 Liver Macronutrient and Alcohol Metabolism
99. 7.3 Extrahepatic Macronutrient Metabolism
100. 7.31 Muscle Macronutrient Metabolism
101. 7.32 Adipose Macronutrient Metabolism
102. 7.33 Brain Macronutrient Metabolism
103. 7.34 Red Blood Cell Macronutrient Metabolism
104. 7.4 Metabolic Conditions
105. 7.41 Fasting
106. 7.42 Atkins Diet
107. 7.43 Ornish/Pritikin Diet
108. 8 Micronutrients Overview & Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)
109. 8.1 Vitamins
110. 8.2 Minerals
111. 8.3 Vitamins & Minerals Functional Categories
112. 8.4 Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)
113. 9 Antioxidant Micronutrients
114. 9.1 Antioxidants
115. 9.11 Free Radicals & Oxidative Stress
116. 9.12 What is an Antioxidant?
117. 9.13 Meaningful Antioxidant(s)
118. 9.14 Too Much of a Good Thing? Antioxidants as Pro-oxidants
119. 9.2 Vitamin E
120. 9.21 Alpha-Tocopherol: Natural vs. Synthetic
121. 9.22 Vitamin E Absorption, Metabolism, & Excretion
122. 9.23 Dietary Vitamin E & Amounts Found in Body
123. 9.24 Vitamin E Deficiency & Toxicity
124. 9.25 Vitamin E DRI & IUs
125. 9.3 Vitamin C
126. 9.31 Vitamin C Absorption & Tissue Accumulation
127. 9.32 Enzymatic Functions
128. 9.33 Vitamin C Deficiency (Scurvy)
129. 9.34 Vitamin C Toxicity, Linus Pauling & the Common Cold
130. 9.4 Selenium
131. 9.41 Selenoproteins
132. 9.42 Selenium Absorption, Excretion, Toxicity & Its Questionable Deficiency
133. 10 Macronutrient Metabolism Micronutrients
134. 10.1 Iodine
135. 10.11 Thyroid Hormone
136. 10.12 Iodine Deficiency & Toxicity
137. 10.2 Manganese
138. 10.3 Thiamin
139. 10.31 Thiamin Functions
140. 10.32 Thiamin Deficiency & Toxicity
141. 10.4 Riboflavin
142. 10.41 Riboflavin Functions
143. 10.42 Riboflavin Deficiency & Toxicity
144. 10.5 Niacin
145. 10.51 Niacin Functions
146. 10.52 Niacin Deficiency & Toxicity
147. 10.6 Pantothenic Acid
148. 10.7 Vitamin B6
149. 10.71 Vitamin B6 Functions
150. 10.72 Vitamin B6 Deficiency & Toxicity
151. 10.8 Biotin
152. 10.81 Biotin Functions
153. 10.82 Epigenetics
154. 10.83 Biotin Deficiency & Toxicity
155. 11 One-Carbon Metabolism Micronutrients
156. 11.1 Folate & Folic Acid
157. 11.11 Folate Functions
158. 11.12 Folate Deficiency & Toxicity
159. 11.2 Vitamin B12
160. 11.21 Vitamin B12 Functions
161. 11.22 Vitamin B12 Deficiency & Toxicity
162. 11.3 B Vitamins, Homocysteine & Cardiovascular Disease
163. 12 Blood, Bones & Teeth Micronutrients
164. 12.1 Vitamin D
165. 12.11 Environmental Factors That Impact Vitamin D3 Synthesis
166. 12.12 Dietary or Supplemental Vitamin D
167. 12.13 Response to Low Blood Calcium
168. 12.14 Response to High Blood Calcium
169. 12.15 Vitamin D Receptor
170. 12.16 Vitamin D Deficiency, Toxicity & Insufficiency
171. 12.2 Calcium
172. 12.21 Calcium Absorption
173. 12.22 Calcium Bioavailability
174. 12.23 Calcium Functions
175. 12.24 Calcium Deficiency & Toxicity
176. 12.3 Phosphorus
177. 12.31 Phosphorus Functions
178. 12.4 Fluoride
179. 12.5 Vitamin K
180. 12.51 Vitamin K Functions
181. 12.52 Vitamin K Deficiency & Toxicity
182. 12.6 Vitamin A
183. 12.61 Carotenoids
184. 12.62 Vitamin A Uptake, Absorption, Transport & Storage
185. 12.63 Vitamin A Nuclear Receptors
186. 12.64 Vitamin A Functions
187. 12.65 Vitamin A Deficiency & Toxicity
188. 12.7 Iron
189. 12.71 Iron Uptake & Absorption
190. 12.72 Iron Transport & Storage
191. 12.73 Iron Functions
192. 12.74 Iron Deficiency & Toxicity
193. 12.8 Zinc
194. 12.81 Zinc Functions
195. 12.82 Zinc Deficiency & Toxicity
196. 12.9 Copper
197. 12.91 Copper Functions
198. 12.92 Copper Deficiency & Toxicity
199. 12.93 How High Zinc Intake Can Lead to Copper & Iron Deficiencies
200. 13 Electrolyte Micronutrients
201. 13.1 Electrolytes
202. 13.2 Sodium
203. 13.3 Chloride
204. 13.4 Potassium
205. 13.5 Magnesium
206. 13.6 Hypertension, Salt-Sensitivity & the DASH Diet
207. Welcome
208. Course Organization
209. Course Objective
210. Textbook
211. Learning Activity
212. Evaluation
213. Expectations
214. Term Research Project
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