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1. I Need Help
2. Module Introduction
3. Basic Objects in the Universe
4. Scale of the Cosmos
5. The Constellations
6. Other Patterns
7. Discussion
8. Module Introduction
9. The Study of Science
10. What Time Is It?
11. Ancient Observations
12. Contributions to Science
13. The Wanderers
14. Claudius Ptolemy
15. Astronomy and Astrology
16. The Birth of Modern Astronomy
17. Observations of Motion: Brahe, Kepler, and Galilei
18. Observations of the Heavens: Galileo
19. The Mathematical Finish: Newton
20. Project: Tracking the Phases of the Moon
21. Making an Astrolab
22. Tracking the Moon Observation Log Example
23. Tracking Moon Observation Log
24. Phases of the Moon
25. Module Introduction
26. Motions of Objects
27. Our Night Sky
28. The Sun and the Moon
29. Seasons and Seasonal Changes
30. The Moon in our Skies
31. Eclipses
32. Module Introduction
33. Looking at a rainbow, what do you see?
34. Thermal Radiation
35. The Electromagnetic Spectrum
36. Spectra
37. Moving Objects, Spectra, and the Doppler Effect
38. Module Introduction
39. The Telescope
40. Early Telescopes
41. Telescopic Observations
42. Telescope Optical Types
43. Telescope Mounts
44. Images from the Telescope
45. Space-Based Telescopes
46. Light Pollution
47. Space-based Telescope
48. Hubble Space Telescope
49. Module Introduction
50. Our Solar System
51. The Nebular Theory
52. What is a Planet?
53. The Nebular Theory: Other Important Evidence
54. The Nebular Theory: Proplyds
55. Systems and Extrasolar Planets
56. The Discovery of Extrasolar Planets
57. The Kepler Mission
58. What We Have Learned about Stellar Systems and Extrasolar Planets?
59. The Circumstellar Habitable Zone
60. Some Interesting Exoplanets
61. Extrasolar Planets
62. Module Introduction
63. What do you think?
64. Comparing Planets
65. Rocky Planets
66. Craters
67. Planet Mercury
68. Planet Venus
69. Planet Earth
70. Earth’s Moon
71. Planet Mars
72. Snow on Mars
73. A Martian Controversy
74. Martian Moons
75. Characteristics of the Solar System’s Rocky Planets
76. Module Introduction
77. What do you think?
78. Gas Giant Planets
79. Rings
80. Planet Jupiter
81. Jupiter’s Satellites
82. Planet Saturn
83. Saturn's Rings
84. Saturn’s Satellites
85. Planet Uranus
86. Planet Neptune
87. Gas Giant Planets and Select Satellites Overviews
88. Module Introduction
89. What do you think?
90. Minor Bodies
91. Asteroids
92. Brightest Asteroids Visible from Earth
93. Asteroid Classification
94. Meteoroids, Meteors, and Meteorites
95. Meteorites
96. The Impact of Meteorites
97. Comets
98. Comet Characteristics
99. Images of Comets
100. Comets in History
101. Scientific Advances
102. Halley’s Comet
103. A Comet Impacts a Planet
104. The Centaurs: Are they Asteroids or Comets?
105. Pluto
106. Eris
107. Trans-Neptunian objects, the Kuiper Belt, and the Oort Cloud
108. The Oort Cloud and Kuiper Belt
109. Module Introduction
110. What do you think?
111. Fission and Fusion
112. Our Star, the Sun
113. How the Sun Works
114. A “Quick Guide” to Solar Fusion—The Proton-Proton Cycle
115. Solar Regions
116. Major Solar Features
117. Studying the Sun
118. The Dark Side of the Sun
119. The National Solar Observatory
120. NASA’s Heliophysics Science Division
121. Module Introduction
122. The Unknown in Astronomy
123. Star and Celestial Object Characteristics
124. Distances to the Stars and other Celestial Objects
125. Stellar Distances
126. Everything is Moving
127. How Close are the Close-by Stars?
128. Light-Years
129. Parsec Vs. Light-Year Measurement
130. Stellar and Celestial Object Brightness
131. Magnitude System
132. Celestial cartography
133. Planispheres
134. Star Colors
135. Spectral Type
136. Sample Spectral Types
137. The Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram
138. The Four Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram Stellar Groups
139. Types of Star Systems and Stars
140. Variable Stars
141. Cepheids
142. Cataclysmic Variables
143. Star Clusters
144. Consider this…
145. The Life Cycle of Stars
146. Why Won't the Supernova Explode
147. 600 Mysteries in the Night Sky
148. Module Introduction
149. Stellar Evolution
150. Planetary Nebula
151. White Dwarfs and Neighbors
152. White Dwarf
153. Low-Mass Stars
154. Star Life
155. Neutron Star and Companion Star Scenario
156. High-Mass Star Stellar Endings
157. Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs)
158. Stellar Mass
159. Stellar Birth
160. Neutron stars
161. Nova, Novae, and Supernova
162. High-Mass Stars
163. Module Introduction
164. Irregular Galaxies
165. Active Galaxies
166. Quasar-stellar Objects
167. Blazars: Quasar-like Object
168. Classification of Galaxies
169. What do you think?
170. Galaxies
171. The History of Studying Galaxies
172. Hubble’s Major Contributions
173. Hubble’s Law
174. Elliptical Galaxies
175. Spiral Galaxies
176. Galaxies, Distance, and Age
177. The Ages of Galaxies and What that Reveals
178. WIMPs and String Theory
179. Gravitational Lensing
180. Dark Matter
181. Galactic Groups
182. Module Introduction
183. Andromeda Galaxy
184. Galileo Galilei, First to See the Milky Way Galaxy
185. The Milky Way Galaxy’s Shape
186. X-Ray and Gamma-Ray of the Milky Way Galaxy
187. Earth’s Position within the Milky Way Galaxy
188. A Spinning Spiral
189. What do you think?
190. The Milky Way — Our Home Galaxy
191. Milky Way Galaxy Satellites
192. Milky Way Galaxy Research
193. Module Introduction
194. Beyond the Big Bang
195. What is Next for the Big Bang Theory?
196. Questions Regarding the Eventual Fate of the Universe
197. What do you think?
198. In the beginning…
199. Physical Cosmology
200. The Big Bang in Eras
201. The Planck Era
202. Big Bang Evidence
203. Recent Data on the Universe
204. Views on Creation
205. Religious or Philosophical Cosmology
206. Issues with the Big Bang
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