103 Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances
Table of Contents
This page contains several tables detailing the standard thermodynamic properties for several different substances. The table has been separated by substance, as listed below:
Aluminum
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances |
| Substance |
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) |
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) |
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) |
| Al(s) |
0 |
0 |
28.3 |
| Al(g) |
324.4 |
285.7 |
164.54 |
| Al2O3(s) |
–1676 |
–1582 |
50.92 |
| AlF3(s) |
–1510.4 |
–1425 |
66.5 |
| AlCl3(s) |
–704.2 |
–628.8 |
110.67 |
| AlCl3•6H2O(s) |
–2691.57 |
–2269.40 |
376.56 |
| Al2S3(s) |
–724.0 |
–492.4 |
116.9 |
| Al2(SO4)3(s) |
–3445.06 |
–3506.61 |
239.32 |
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Antimony
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances |
| Substance |
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) |
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) |
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) |
| Sb(s) |
0 |
0 |
45.69 |
| Sb(g) |
262.34 |
222.17 |
180.16 |
| Sb4O6(s) |
–1440.55 |
–1268.17 |
220.92 |
| SbCl3(g) |
–313.8 |
–301.2 |
337.80 |
| SbCl5(g) |
–394.34 |
–334.29 |
401.94 |
| Sb2S3(s) |
–174.89 |
–173.64 |
182.00 |
| SbCl3(s) |
–382.17 |
–323.72 |
184.10 |
| SbOCl(s) |
–374.0 |
— |
— |
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Arsenic
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances |
| Substance |
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) |
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) |
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) |
| As(s) |
0 |
0 |
35.1 |
| As(g) |
302.5 |
261.0 |
174.21 |
| As4(g) |
143.9 |
92.4 |
314 |
| As4O6(s) |
–1313.94 |
–1152.52 |
214.22 |
| As2O5(s) |
–924.87 |
–782.41 |
105.44 |
| AsCl3(g) |
–261.50 |
–248.95 |
327.06 |
| As2S3(s) |
–169.03 |
–168.62 |
163.59 |
| AsH3(g) |
66.44 |
68.93 |
222.78 |
| H3AsO4(s) |
–906.3 |
— |
— |
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Barium
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances |
| Substance |
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) |
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) |
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) |
| Ba(s) |
0 |
0 |
62.5 |
| Ba(g) |
180 |
146 |
170.24 |
| BaO(s) |
–548.0 |
–520.3 |
72.1 |
| BaCl2(s) |
–855.0 |
–806.7 |
123.7 |
| BaSO4(s) |
–1473.2 |
–1362.3 |
132.2 |
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Beryllium
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances |
| Substance |
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) |
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) |
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) |
| Be(s) |
0 |
0 |
9.50 |
| Be(g) |
324.3 |
286.6 |
136.27 |
| BeO(s) |
–609.4 |
–580.1 |
13.8 |
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Bismuth
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances |
| Substance |
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) |
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) |
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) |
| Bi(s) |
0 |
0 |
56.74 |
| Bi(g) |
207.1 |
168.2 |
187.00 |
| Bi2O3(s) |
–573.88 |
–493.7 |
151.5 |
| BiCl3(s) |
–379.07 |
–315.06 |
176.98 |
| Bi2S3(s) |
–143.1 |
–140.6 |
200.4 |
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Boron
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances |
| Substance |
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) |
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) |
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) |
| B(s) |
0 |
0 |
5.86 |
| B(g) |
565.0 |
521.0 |
153.4 |
| B2O3(s) |
–1273.5 |
–1194.3 |
53.97 |
| B2H6(g) |
36.4 |
87.6 |
232.1 |
| H3BO3(s) |
–1094.33 |
–968.92 |
88.83 |
| BF3(g) |
–1136.0 |
–1119.4 |
254.4 |
| BCl3(g) |
–403.8 |
–388.7 |
290.1 |
| B3N3H6(l) |
–540.99 |
–392.79 |
199.58 |
| HBO2(s) |
–794.25 |
–723.41 |
37.66 |
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Bromine
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances |
| Substance |
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) |
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) |
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) |
| Br2(l) |
0 |
0 |
152.23 |
| Br2(g) |
30.91 |
3.142 |
245.5 |
| Br(g) |
111.88 |
82.429 |
175.0 |
| BrF3(g) |
–255.60 |
–229.45 |
292.42 |
| HBr(g) |
–36.3 |
–53.43 |
198.7 |
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Cadmium
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances |
| Substance |
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) |
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) |
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) |
| Cd(s) |
0 |
0 |
51.76 |
| Cd(g) |
112.01 |
77.41 |
167.75 |
| CdO(s) |
–258.2 |
–228.4 |
54.8 |
| CdCl2(s) |
–391.5 |
–343.9 |
115.3 |
| CdSO4(s) |
–933.3 |
–822.7 |
123.0 |
| CdS(s) |
–161.9 |
–156.5 |
64.9 |
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Calcium
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances |
| Substance |
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) |
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) |
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) |
|
| Ca(s) |
0 |
0 |
41.6 |
| Ca(g) |
178.2 |
144.3 |
154.88 |
| CaO(s) |
–634.9 |
–603.3 |
38.1 |
| Ca(OH)2(s) |
–985.2 |
–897.5 |
83.4 |
| CaSO4(s) |
–1434.5 |
–1322.0 |
106.5 |
| CaSO4•2H2O(s) |
–2022.63 |
–1797.45 |
194.14 |
| CaCO3(s) (calcite) |
–1220.0 |
–1081.4 |
110.0 |
| CaSO3•H2O(s) |
–1752.68 |
–1555.19 |
184.10 |
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Carbon
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances |
| Substance |
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) |
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) |
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) |
| C(s) (graphite) |
0 |
0 |
5.740 |
| C(s) (diamond) |
1.89 |
2.90 |
2.38 |
| C(g) |
716.681 |
671.2 |
158.1 |
| CO(g) |
–110.52 |
–137.15 |
197.7 |
| CO2(g) |
–393.51 |
–394.36 |
213.8 |
| CH4(g) |
–74.6 |
–50.5 |
186.3 |
| CH3OH(l) |
–239.2 |
–166.6 |
126.8 |
| CH3OH(g) |
–201.0 |
–162.3 |
239.9 |
| CCl4(l) |
–128.2 |
–62.5 |
214.4 |
| CCl4(g) |
–95.7 |
–58.2 |
309.7 |
| CHCl3(l) |
–134.1 |
–73.7 |
201.7 |
| CHCl3(g) |
–103.14 |
–70.34 |
295.71 |
| CS2(l) |
89.70 |
65.27 |
151.34 |
| CS2(g) |
116.9 |
66.8 |
238.0 |
| C2H2(g) |
227.4 |
209.2 |
200.9 |
| C2H4(g) |
52.4 |
68.4 |
219.3 |
| C2H6(g) |
–84.0 |
–32.0 |
229.2 |
| CH3CO2H(l) |
–484.3 |
–389.9 |
159.8 |
| CH3CO2H(g) |
–434.84 |
–376.69 |
282.50 |
| C2H5OH(l) |
–277.6 |
–174.8 |
160.7 |
| C2H5OH(g) |
–234.8 |
–167.9 |
281.6 |
| C3H8(g) |
–103.8 |
–23.4 |
270.3 |
| C6H6(g) |
82.927 |
129.66 |
269.2 |
| C6H6(l) |
49.1 |
124.50 |
173.4 |
| CH2Cl2(l) |
–124.2 |
–63.2 |
177.8 |
| CH2Cl2(g) |
–95.4 |
–65.90 |
270.2 |
| CH3Cl(g) |
–81.9 |
–60.2 |
234.6 |
| C2H5Cl(l) |
–136.52 |
–59.31 |
190.79 |
| C2H5Cl(g) |
–112.17 |
–60.39 |
276.00 |
| C2N2(g) |
308.98 |
297.36 |
241.90 |
| HCN(l) |
108.9 |
125.0 |
112.8 |
| HCN(g) |
135.5 |
124.7 |
201.8 |
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Chlorine
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances |
| Substance |
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) |
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) |
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) |
| Cl2(g) |
0 |
0 |
223.1 |
| Cl(g) |
121.3 |
105.70 |
165.2 |
| ClF(g) |
–54.48 |
–55.94 |
217.78 |
| ClF3(g) |
–158.99 |
–118.83 |
281.50 |
| Cl2O(g) |
80.3 |
97.9 |
266.2 |
| Cl2O7(l) |
238.1 |
— |
— |
| Cl2O7(g) |
272.0 |
— |
— |
| HCl(g) |
–92.307 |
–95.299 |
186.9 |
| HClO4(l) |
–40.58 |
— |
— |
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Chromium
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances |
| Substance |
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) |
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) |
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) |
| Cr(s) |
0 |
0 |
23.77 |
| Cr(g) |
396.6 |
351.8 |
174.50 |
| Cr2O3(s) |
–1139.7 |
–1058.1 |
81.2 |
| CrO3(s) |
–589.5 |
— |
— |
| (NH4)2Cr2O7(s) |
–1806.7 |
— |
— |
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Cobalt
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances |
| Substance |
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) |
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) |
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) |
| Co(s) |
0 |
0 |
30.0 |
| CoO(s) |
–237.9 |
–214.2 |
52.97 |
| Co3O4(s) |
–910.02 |
–794.98 |
114.22 |
| Co(NO3)2(s) |
–420.5 |
— |
— |
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Copper
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances |
| Substance |
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) |
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) |
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) |
| Cu(s) |
0 |
0 |
33.15 |
| Cu(g) |
338.32 |
298.58 |
166.38 |
| CuO(s) |
–157.3 |
–129.7 |
42.63 |
| Cu2O(s) |
–168.6 |
–146.0 |
93.14 |
| CuS(s) |
–53.1 |
–53.6 |
66.5 |
| Cu2S(s) |
–79.5 |
–86.2 |
120.9 |
| CuSO4(s) |
–771.36 |
–662.2 |
109.2 |
| Cu(NO3)2(s) |
–302.9 |
— |
— |
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Fluorine
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances |
| Substance |
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) |
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) |
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) |
| F2(g) |
0 |
0 |
202.8 |
| F(g) |
79.4 |
62.3 |
158.8 |
| F2O(g) |
24.7 |
41.9 |
247.43 |
| HF(g) |
–273.3 |
–275.4 |
173.8 |
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Hydrogen
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances |
| Substance |
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) |
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) |
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) |
| H2(g) |
0 |
0 |
130.7 |
| H(g) |
217.97 |
203.26 |
114.7 |
| H2O(l) |
–285.83 |
–237.1 |
70.0 |
| H2O(g) |
–241.82 |
–228.59 |
188.8 |
| H2O2(l) |
–187.78 |
–120.35 |
109.6 |
| H2O2(g) |
–136.3 |
–105.6 |
232.7 |
| HF(g) |
–273.3 |
–275.4 |
173.8 |
| HCl(g) |
–92.307 |
–95.299 |
186.9 |
| HBr(g) |
–36.3 |
–53.43 |
198.7 |
| HI(g) |
26.48 |
1.70 |
206.59 |
| H2S(g) |
–20.6 |
–33.4 |
205.8 |
| H2Se(g) |
29.7 |
15.9 |
219.0 |
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Iodine
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances |
| Substance |
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) |
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) |
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) |
| I2(s) |
0 |
0 |
116.14 |
| I2(g) |
62.438 |
19.3 |
260.7 |
| I(g) |
106.84 |
70.2 |
180.8 |
| IF(g) |
95.65 |
–118.49 |
236.06 |
| ICl(g) |
17.78 |
–5.44 |
247.44 |
| IBr(g) |
40.84 |
3.72 |
258.66 |
| IF7(g) |
–943.91 |
–818.39 |
346.44 |
| HI(g) |
26.48 |
1.70 |
206.59 |
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Iron
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances |
| Substance |
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) |
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) |
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) |
| Fe(s) |
0 |
0 |
27.3 |
| Fe(g) |
416.3 |
370.7 |
180.5 |
| Fe2O3(s) |
–824.2 |
–742.2 |
87.40 |
| Fe3O4(s) |
–1118.4 |
–1015.4 |
146.4 |
| Fe(CO)5(l) |
–774.04 |
–705.42 |
338.07 |
| Fe(CO)5(g) |
–733.87 |
–697.26 |
445.18 |
| FeCl2(s) |
–341.79 |
–302.30 |
117.95 |
| FeCl3(s) |
–399.49 |
–334.00 |
142.3 |
| FeO(s) |
–272.0 |
–255.2 |
60.75 |
| Fe(OH)2(s) |
–569.0 |
–486.5 |
88. |
| Fe(OH)3(s) |
–823.0 |
–696.5 |
106.7 |
| FeS(s) |
–100.0 |
–100.4 |
60.29 |
| Fe3C(s) |
25.10 |
20.08 |
104.60 |
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Lead
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances |
| Substance |
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) |
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) |
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) |
| Pb(s) |
0 |
0 |
64.81 |
| Pb(g) |
195.2 |
162. |
175.4 |
| PbO(s) (yellow) |
–217.32 |
–187.89 |
68.70 |
| PbO(s) (red) |
–218.99 |
–188.93 |
66.5 |
| Pb(OH)2(s) |
–515.9 |
— |
— |
| PbS(s) |
–100.4 |
–98.7 |
91.2 |
| Pb(NO3)2(s) |
–451.9 |
— |
— |
| PbO2(s) |
–277.4 |
–217.3 |
68.6 |
| PbCl2(s) |
–359.4 |
–314.1 |
136.0 |
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Lithium
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances |
| Substance |
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) |
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) |
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) |
| Li(s) |
0 |
0 |
29.1 |
| Li(g) |
159.3 |
126.6 |
138.8 |
| LiH(s) |
–90.5 |
–68.3 |
20.0 |
| Li(OH)(s) |
–487.5 |
–441.5 |
42.8 |
| LiF(s) |
–616.0 |
–587.5 |
35.7 |
| Li2CO3(s) |
–1216.04 |
–1132.19 |
90.17 |
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Manganese
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances |
| Substance |
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) |
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) |
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) |
| Mn(s) |
0 |
0 |
32.0 |
| Mn(g) |
280.7 |
238.5 |
173.7 |
| MnO(s) |
–385.2 |
–362.9 |
59.71 |
| MnO2(s) |
–520.03 |
–465.1 |
53.05 |
| Mn2O3(s) |
–958.97 |
–881.15 |
110.46 |
| Mn3O4(s) |
–1378.83 |
–1283.23 |
155.64 |
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Mercury
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances |
| Substance |
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) |
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) |
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) |
| Hg(l) |
0 |
0 |
75.9 |
| Hg(g) |
61.4 |
31.8 |
175.0 |
| HgO(s) (red) |
–90.83 |
–58.5 |
70.29 |
| HgO(s) (yellow) |
–90.46 |
–58.43 |
71.13 |
| HgCl2(s) |
–224.3 |
–178.6 |
146.0 |
| Hg2Cl2(s) |
–265.4 |
–210.7 |
191.6 |
| HgS(s) (red) |
–58.16 |
–50.6 |
82.4 |
| HgS(s) (black) |
–53.56 |
–47.70 |
88.28 |
| HgSO4(s) |
–707.51 |
–594.13 |
0.00 |
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Nitrogen
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances |
| Substance |
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) |
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) |
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) |
| N2(g) |
0 |
0 |
191.6 |
| N(g) |
472.704 |
455.5 |
153.3 |
| NO(g) |
90.25 |
87.6 |
210.8 |
| NO2(g) |
33.2 |
51.30 |
240.1 |
| N2O(g) |
81.6 |
103.7 |
220.0 |
| N2O3(g) |
83.72 |
139.41 |
312.17 |
| N2O4(g) |
11.1 |
99.8 |
304.4 |
| N2O5(g) |
11.3 |
115.1 |
355.7 |
| NH3(g) |
–45.9 |
–16.5 |
192.8 |
| N2H4(l) |
50.63 |
149.43 |
121.21 |
| N2H4(g) |
95.4 |
159.4 |
238.5 |
| NH4NO3(s) |
–365.56 |
–183.87 |
151.08 |
| NH4Cl(s) |
–314.43 |
–202.87 |
94.6 |
| NH4Br(s) |
–270.8 |
–175.2 |
113.0 |
| NH4I(s) |
–201.4 |
–112.5 |
117.0 |
| NH4NO2(s) |
–256.5 |
— |
— |
| HNO3(l) |
–174.1 |
–80.7 |
155.6 |
| HNO3(g) |
–133.9 |
–73.5 |
266.9 |
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Oxygen
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances |
| Substance |
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) |
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) |
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) |
| O2(g) |
0 |
0 |
205.2 |
| O(g) |
249.17 |
231.7 |
161.1 |
| O3(g) |
142.7 |
163.2 |
238.9 |
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Phosphorus
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances |
| Substance |
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) |
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) |
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) |
| P4(s) |
0 |
0 |
164.4 |
| P4(g) |
58.91 |
24.4 |
280.0 |
| P(g) |
314.64 |
278.25 |
163.19 |
| PH3(g) |
5.4 |
13.5 |
210.2 |
| PCl3(g) |
–287.0 |
–267.8 |
311.78 |
| PCl5(g) |
–374.9 |
–305.0 |
364.4 |
| P4O6(s) |
–1640.1 |
— |
— |
| P4O10(s) |
–2984.0 |
–2697.0 |
228.86 |
| HPO3(s) |
–948.5 |
— |
— |
| H3PO2(s) |
–604.6 |
— |
— |
| H3PO3(s) |
–964.4 |
— |
— |
| H3PO4(s) |
–1279.0 |
–1119.1 |
110.50 |
| H3PO4(l) |
–1266.9 |
–1124.3 |
110.5 |
| H4P2O7(s) |
–2241.0 |
— |
— |
| POCl3(l) |
–597.1 |
–520.8 |
222.5 |
| POCl3(g) |
–558.5 |
–512.9 |
325.5 |
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Potassium
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances |
| Substance |
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) |
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) |
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) |
| K(s) |
0 |
0 |
64.7 |
| K(g) |
89.0 |
60.5 |
160.3 |
| KF(s) |
–576.27 |
–537.75 |
66.57 |
| KCl(s) |
–436.5 |
–408.5 |
82.6 |
(Back to Top)
Silicon
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances |
| Substance |
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) |
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) |
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) |
| Si(s) |
0 |
0 |
18.8 |
| Si(g) |
450.0 |
405.5 |
168.0 |
| SiO2(s) |
–910.7 |
–856.3 |
41.5 |
| SiH4(g) |
34.3 |
56.9 |
204.6 |
| H2SiO3(s) |
–1188.67 |
–1092.44 |
133.89 |
| H4SiO4(s) |
–1481.14 |
–1333.02 |
192.46 |
| SiF4(g) |
–1615.0 |
–1572.8 |
282.8 |
| SiCl4(l) |
–687.0 |
–619.8 |
239.7 |
| SiCl4(g) |
–662.75 |
–622.58 |
330.62 |
| SiC(s, beta cubic) |
–73.22 |
–70.71 |
16.61 |
| SiC(s, alpha hexagonal) |
–71.55 |
–69.04 |
16.48 |
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Silver
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances |
| Substance |
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) |
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) |
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) |
| Ag(s) |
0 |
0 |
42.55 |
| Ag(g) |
284.9 |
246.0 |
172.89 |
| Ag2O(s) |
–31.05 |
–11.20 |
121.3 |
| AgCl(s) |
–127.0 |
–109.8 |
96.3 |
| Ag2S(s) |
–32.6 |
–40.7 |
144.0 |
(Back to Top)
Sodium
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances |
| Substance |
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) |
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) |
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) |
| Na(s) |
0 |
0 |
51.3 |
| Na(g) |
107.5 |
77.0 |
153.7 |
| Na2O(s) |
–414.2 |
–375.5 |
75.1 |
| NaCl(s) |
–411.2 |
–384.1 |
72.1 |
(Back to Top)
Sulfur
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances |
| Substance |
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) |
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) |
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) |
| S8(s) (rhombic) |
0 |
0 |
256.8 |
| S(g) |
278.81 |
238.25 |
167.82 |
| SO2(g) |
–296.83 |
–300.1 |
248.2 |
| SO3(g) |
–395.72 |
–371.06 |
256.76 |
| H2S(g) |
–20.6 |
–33.4 |
205.8 |
| H2SO4(l) |
–813.989 |
690.00 |
156.90 |
| H2S2O7(s) |
–1273.6 |
— |
— |
| SF4(g) |
–728.43 |
–684.84 |
291.12 |
| SF6(g) |
–1220.5 |
–1116.5 |
291.5 |
| SCl2(l) |
–50 |
— |
— |
| SCl2(g) |
–19.7 |
— |
— |
| S2Cl2(l) |
–59.4 |
— |
— |
| S2Cl2(g) |
–19.50 |
–29.25 |
319.45 |
| SOCl2(g) |
–212.55 |
–198.32 |
309.66 |
| SOCl2(l) |
–245.6 |
— |
— |
| SO2Cl2(l) |
–394.1 |
— |
— |
| SO2Cl2(g) |
–354.80 |
–310.45 |
311.83 |
(Back to Top)
Tin
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances |
| Substance |
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) |
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) |
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) |
| Sn(s) |
0 |
0 |
51.2 |
| Sn(g) |
301.2 |
266.2 |
168.5 |
| SnO(s) |
–285.8 |
–256.9 |
56.5 |
| SnO2(s) |
–577.6 |
–515.8 |
49.0 |
| SnCl4(l) |
–511.3 |
–440.1 |
258.6 |
| SnCl4(g) |
–471.5 |
–432.2 |
365.8 |
(Back to Top)
Titanium
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances |
| Substance |
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) |
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) |
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) |
| Ti(s) |
0 |
0 |
30.7 |
| Ti(g) |
473.0 |
428.4 |
180.3 |
| TiO2(s) |
–944.0 |
–888.8 |
50.6 |
| TiCl4(l) |
–804.2 |
–737.2 |
252.4 |
| TiCl4(g) |
–763.2 |
–726.3 |
353.2 |
(Back to Top)
Tungsten
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances |
| Substance |
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) |
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) |
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) |
|
| W(s) |
0 |
0 |
32.6 |
| W(g) |
849.4 |
807.1 |
174.0 |
| WO3(s) |
–842.9 |
–764.0 |
75.9 |
(Back to Top)
Zinc
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances |
| Substance |
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) |
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) |
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) |
| Zn(s) |
0 |
0 |
41.6 |
| Zn(g) |
130.73 |
95.14 |
160.98 |
| ZnO(s) |
–350.5 |
–320.5 |
43.7 |
| ZnCl2(s) |
–415.1 |
–369.43 |
111.5 |
| ZnS(s) |
–206.0 |
–201.3 |
57.7 |
| ZnSO4(s) |
–982.8 |
–871.5 |
110.5 |
| ZnCO3(s) |
–812.78 |
–731.57 |
82.42 |
(Back to Top)
Other Complexes
| Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances |
| Substance |
[latex]\Delta{H}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–) |
[latex]\Delta{G}_{1}^{ \circ}[/latex] (kJ mol–1) |
[latex]{S}_{298}^{ \circ}[/latex] (J K–1 mol–1) |
| [Co(NH3)4(NO2)2]NO3, cis |
–898.7 |
— |
— |
| [Co(NH3)4(NO2)2]NO3, trans |
–896.2 |
— |
— |
| NH4[Co(NH3)2(NO2)4] |
–837.6 |
— |
— |
| [Co(NH3)6][Co(NH3)2(NO2)4]3 |
–2733.0 |
— |
— |
| [Co(NH3)4Cl2]Cl, cis |
–874.9 |
— |
— |
| [Co(NH3)4Cl2]Cl, trans |
–877.4 |
— |
— |
| [Co(en)2(NO2)2]NO3, cis |
–689.5 |
— |
— |
| [Co(en)2Cl2]Cl, cis |
–681.2 |
— |
— |
| [Co(en)2Cl2]Cl, trans |
–677.4 |
— |
— |
| [Co(en)3](ClO4)3 |
–762.7 |
— |
— |
| [Co(en)3]Br2 |
–595.8 |
— |
— |
| [Co(en)3]I2 |
–475.3 |
— |
— |
| [Co(en)3]I3 |
–519.2 |
— |
— |
| [Co(NH3)6](ClO4)3 |
–1034.7 |
–221.1 |
615 |
| [Co(NH3)5NO2](NO3)2 |
–1088.7 |
–412.9 |
331 |
| [Co(NH3)6](NO3)3 |
–1282.0 |
–524.5 |
448 |
| [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2 |
–1017.1 |
–582.5 |
366.1 |
| [Pt(NH3)4]Cl2 |
–725.5 |
— |
— |
| [Ni(NH3)6]Cl2 |
–994.1 |
— |
— |
| [Ni(NH3)6]Br2 |
–923.8 |
— |
— |
| [Ni(NH3)6]I2 |
–808.3 |
— |
— |
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